Construcción de la identidad y roles de género en las Mujeres Embera Chamí del resguardo Totumal en Belalcázar, Caldas: 1990-2020
Construcción de la identidad y roles de género en las Mujeres Embera Chamí del resguardo Totumal en Belalcázar, Caldas: 1990-2020
Autores
Director
Martinez Botero , Sebastian
Zuluaga Gómez , Victor
Autor corporativo
Recolector de datos
Otros/Desconocido
Director audiovisual
Editor/Compilador
Editores
Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
Tipo de Material
Fecha
2021
Cita bibliográfica
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Resumen
Esta investigación analiza las transformaciones de identidad y roles de género de las mujeres
embera chami, en el resguardo Totumal, ubicado en Belalcázar, Caldas, y las condiciones que
han permitido estos cambios durante las últimas tres décadas. Históricamente, estas mujeres han
sido ignoradas por su comunidad, que es patriarcal: no participan de la vida política y social, no
se reconocen sus aportes a las luchas por el territorio. Las emberas se han dedicado,
fundamentalmente, a las labores domésticas. La metodología empleada en este trabajo es de
carácter cualitativa y descriptiva. Se emplearon las siguientes técnicas: observación simple,
observación participante, entrevistas, entrevista en profundidad, entrevista informal, talleres de
memoria histórica. La investigación evidenció que las mujeres de Totumal han desempeñado
papeles importantes en la vida de su comunidad: no solo son dadoras de vida y cuidadoras de la
cultura —sus roles tradicionales—, sino que, han contribuido históricamente, y de modo
silencioso, a la construcción de los territorios embera: luchan, resisten y defienden sus
tradiciones junto a los hombres, incluso desde antes que aparecieran las organizaciones
indígenas. No obstante, la cultura patriarcal de los emberas y la baja visibilidad de las mujeres en
los procesos comunitarios han opacado su participación y contribución. El contacto con los
mestizos, la Constitución de 1991, los cambios sociales, económicos y culturales, entre muchos
factores, han promovido otras formas de participación de las mujeres embera en la vida
comunitaria, en organizaciones indígenas y en la sociedad.
This investigation analyzes the transformations of identity and gender roles of the embera chami women in the Totumal reservation located in Belalcázar, Caldas, and the conditions that have permitted those changes during the last three decades. Historically, these women have been ignored by their community, which is patriarchal: they don’t participate in the political and social life nor are their contributions to the struggle for territory recognized. The emberas have dedicated themselves, fundalmently, to domestic labor. The methodology utilized in this investigation is qualitative in nature and descriptive. The following techniques were implemented: simple observation, participant observation, interviews, in depth interviews, informal interviews, historical-memory workshops. The investigation reveals that the women of Totumal have performed important roles in community life: they are not only givers of life and caretakers of culture - their traditional roles -, but rather they have contributed historically, and quietly, to the construction of embera territories: they fight, resist, and defend their traditions along with the men, even before the appearance of indigenous organizations. However, patriarchal culture of the embera and the reduced visibility of the women in community processes have detracted from their participation and contribution. Contact with mestizos, the 1991 Constitution, social, economic, and cultural changes, among other factors, have promoted other forms of participation of embera women in the life of the community, in indeginous organizations, and society.
This investigation analyzes the transformations of identity and gender roles of the embera chami women in the Totumal reservation located in Belalcázar, Caldas, and the conditions that have permitted those changes during the last three decades. Historically, these women have been ignored by their community, which is patriarchal: they don’t participate in the political and social life nor are their contributions to the struggle for territory recognized. The emberas have dedicated themselves, fundalmently, to domestic labor. The methodology utilized in this investigation is qualitative in nature and descriptive. The following techniques were implemented: simple observation, participant observation, interviews, in depth interviews, informal interviews, historical-memory workshops. The investigation reveals that the women of Totumal have performed important roles in community life: they are not only givers of life and caretakers of culture - their traditional roles -, but rather they have contributed historically, and quietly, to the construction of embera territories: they fight, resist, and defend their traditions along with the men, even before the appearance of indigenous organizations. However, patriarchal culture of the embera and the reduced visibility of the women in community processes have detracted from their participation and contribution. Contact with mestizos, the 1991 Constitution, social, economic, and cultural changes, among other factors, have promoted other forms of participation of embera women in the life of the community, in indeginous organizations, and society.
Descripción general
Este estudio contiene relatos de practicas ancestrales, entrevistas, caracterización de oficios, imagenes de mujeres, hombres, tipologia de las viviendas, artesanias, mapa y ubicacion geografica del resguardo Totumal.
Un abordaje de identidad de genero y una reflexión profunda al rol de la mujer indigena.