Células somáticas y mejoramiento genético en bovinos: Una revisión de literatura
Células somáticas y mejoramiento genético en bovinos: Una revisión de literatura
Director
Echeverry López, Juan Carlos
Autor corporativo
Recolector de datos
Otros/Desconocido
Director audiovisual
Editor/Compilador
Editores
Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
Tipo de Material
Fecha
2022
Cita bibliográfica
Título de serie/ reporte/ volumen/ colección
Es Parte de
Resumen
El recuento de células somáticas es un indicativo de infecciones en la ubre y la cantidad en la leche se utiliza para evaluar su sanidad. Además, también es un factor que es heredable, existiendo toros que transmiten altos o bajos niveles de células somáticas en la leche. Este valor no ha sido tenido en cuenta por los ganaderos para la selección de los toros en programas de mejoramiento, seleccionando principalmente por cantidad de leche. Un elevado conteo de células somáticas afecta valores como la grasa y la proteína de la leche. Además, se acorta la vida útil del animal debido a problemas en la salud de la ubre. El uso de razas especializadas comparadas con razas criollas, ha mostrado que no hay diferencia en el número de células somáticas. Existen también factores externos que incrementan las células somáticas en la leche como ordeños ineficientes, estrés calórico y edad del animal. Se recomienda que los ganaderos enfoquen también la selección del semen a utilizar en el hato con base en el conteo de células somáticas y así se obtendrá mejor precio por litro de leche además de bajar costos por disminución de la tasa de reposición.
The somatic cell count is an indication of udder infections and the amount in the milk is used to assess udder health. In addition, it is also a factor that is heritable, with bulls that transmit high or low levels of somatic cells in milk. This value has not been taken into account by farmers for the selection of bulls in improvement programs, selecting mainly for the amount of milk. A high somatic cell count affects values such as milk fat and protein. In addition, the lifespan of the animal is shortened due to problems in the health of the udder. The use of specialized breeds compared to landraces has shown that there is no difference in the number of somatic cells. There are also external factors that increase somatic cells in milk such as inefficient milking, heat stress and age of the animal. It is recommended that farmers also focus on the selection of semen to be used in the herd based on the somatic cell count and thus obtain a better price per liter of milk in addition to lower costs due to a decrease in the replacement rate.
The somatic cell count is an indication of udder infections and the amount in the milk is used to assess udder health. In addition, it is also a factor that is heritable, with bulls that transmit high or low levels of somatic cells in milk. This value has not been taken into account by farmers for the selection of bulls in improvement programs, selecting mainly for the amount of milk. A high somatic cell count affects values such as milk fat and protein. In addition, the lifespan of the animal is shortened due to problems in the health of the udder. The use of specialized breeds compared to landraces has shown that there is no difference in the number of somatic cells. There are also external factors that increase somatic cells in milk such as inefficient milking, heat stress and age of the animal. It is recommended that farmers also focus on the selection of semen to be used in the herd based on the somatic cell count and thus obtain a better price per liter of milk in addition to lower costs due to a decrease in the replacement rate.